研發有毒精液減蚊患

在澳洲,科學家正在進行一項新研究,培育帶有毒精液的雄性蚊子,來殺死會傳播如瘧疾及登革熱等疾病的雌性。研究小組仍需要對這種方法進行一些測試,但他們希望這可以有助控制傳播疾病的蚊子數量。

In Australia, scientists are working on a new study that breed male mosquitoes with toxic semen to kill females that spread diseases. Female mosquitoes are known to spread diseases like malaria and dengue fever. The team still needs some testings on this method but they hope this can be a solution to control the population of disease-spreading mosquitoes.

https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/australasia/article/3293829/scientists-australia-breed-mosquitoes-toxic-semen-curb-diseases

為保生態除入侵貓頭鷹

為減輕於美國華盛頓、俄勒岡州及加州北方斑點鴞受入侵橫斑林鴞的威脅,受培訓的專業人員被授權殺死部分橫斑林鴞。橫斑林鴞原本棲息於北美東部,但自 2000 年代初以來,其族群不斷向西遷移。除了與北方斑點鴞競爭本已有限的棲息地外,橫斑林鴞的領地意識很強,食性範圍也更廣。除此之外,入侵橫斑林鴞還可能使魚類及蠑螈等物種面臨威脅。

To protect the spotted owls in Washington, Oregon and California from invasive barred owls, trained professionals are authorized to kill some of the barred owls. Barred owls are native to the eastern North American, but its population continue to move westward since the early 2000s. beside competing for the already limited habitats, barred owls are very territorial and have wider range of diet; beside threatening the spotted owls, the invasive barred owls may put species like fish and salamanders at risk as well.

https://www.cascadepbs.org/environment/2025/01/why-wildlife-officials-are-killing-some-pnw-owls-save-others

瑞典批准獵殺受保護狼

瑞典政府已批准獵殺 30 隻狼。 2022-2023年瑞典狼的數量減少了約20%。根據歐盟法例,當受保護物種的數量下降至可持續水平以下時,殺害牠們則屬違法。因此瑞典政府將狼的可持續水平最低數量從300隻更新為170隻。

The Swedish government has given permission to kill 30 wolves for a wolf hunt. The population of Sweden’s wolf has decreased around 20% in 2022-2023. Under the EU law, it is illegal to kill a protected species when their population fall under a sustainable level. So the government updated the new minimum level to 170 wolves instead  of 300.

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/jan/01/sweden-wolf-hunt-halve-population-endangered-animal

沉船成海洋生物棲息地

在斯里蘭卡,研究人員發現與天然珊瑚礁相比,沉船為珊瑚和魚類提供了更多不同的微生境結構。當地很多沉船已有近一個世紀的歷史,為魚類提供食物和安全的棲息環境,更有較高密度的魚群,但棲息於沉船的魚群與天然珊瑚礁的種類有異。研究人員希望從這些沉船案例學習,並幫助日後人工珊瑚礁的保育工作。近年當地亦把一些舊巴士丟棄在海洋希望作保育用途,但生態學家認為,並非所有材料都適合,有些可能會造成污染,而且選擇合適的地點也很重要。

In Sri Lanka, researchers discovered shipwrecks provide more complex structures for corals and fish compared to natural coral reefs. Many of these shipwrecks are nearly a century old, providing food and safety for fish and have higher fish density, but the fish communities on these wrecks can be varied compare to natural reefs.  researchers hope to learn from these sites and help develop artificial reefs to support marine communities. old buses were dumped in the ocean for fish breeding in the recent years, but ecologists warn not all materials are suitable as some might become pollution, and that selecting the right location is also very important.

https://news.mongabay.com/2021/07/next-stop-the-sea-sri-lankas-old-buses-are-a-new-home-for-marine-life/

https://news.mongabay.com/2024/12/sunken-ships-in-sri-lankas-colombo-attract-more-fish-than-coral-reefs/

即將消失的裡海

裡海是位於歐洲及亞洲之間最大的內陸水域,被五個國家包圍,但由於氣候變遷及人類活動,裡海正在縮小並面臨消失危機。自 1990 年代中期以來,水位下降了 2 米以上,使許多野生動物受到威脅,其中包括 6 種鱘魚及特有的裡海海豹。除了氣候變化之外,另一主要原因是俄羅斯於90年代的建設大量減少了窩瓦河的流入,而窩瓦河曾供應流入裡海80%的淡水。

The Caspian Sea was the largest inland body of water locates between Europe and Asia, surrounding by five countries, but it is shrinking and disappearing due to climate change and human activities. The water level dropped over 2 meters since the mid-1990s, putting many wildlife in danger including 6 sturgeon species and the endemic Caspian seal. Beside climate change, another main cause is that Russia’s has built infrastructures that reduced the water inflow from the Volga River, which used to supply 80% of the freshwater that flows into the Caspian Sea.

https://theecologist.org/2024/dec/19/farewell-caspian-sea

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