2023年南極冰蓋數量再創新低，出現皇帝企鵝大規模繁殖失敗。冰蓋迅速融化並以往提早了，雛鳥在換上保暖的防水羽毛之前就被迫下水，導致雛鳥淹死或凍死的情況。66 個皇帝企鵝群落中有 14 個都受到影響，大大增加了雛鳥的死亡率。
In Antarctic, sea ice level reached new lows in 2023, and emperor penguin suffered mass breeding failures. The sea ice breaks up too early, the chicks went into the sea before they grow their waterproof feathers, and resulted in high chick mortality. 14 out of 66 emperor penguin colonies were affected.
